Lifeguarding: Swimming Pool and Associates Professional Lifeguard

Cortny Handorf Professor Richey English 1301 December 4, 2012 Life Savers Growing up, the activity title â€Å"lifeguarding† said everything to me. Pools and oceanic attractions were consistently the best time spots to go with the family. I generally admired lifeguards as though they were a type of a saint. They caused me to feel secure and safe in spite of the fact that I've generally been a great swimmer. It appeared as though they had the perfect occupation, so whenever I got more seasoned I accepted the primary open door to turn into my own saint. I began being only a lifeguard and afterward before long progressed rapidly to a lifeguard instructor.I even was elevated to turning into the offices Aquatics Director. Through this excursion, I got the opportunity to encounter how compensating being a lifeguard genuinely is and had the option to be a significant number of others saint. There are a few explicit procedures on the most proficient method to be an Ellis and Associate s proficient lifeguard. The initial phase in how to be an Ellis and Associates proficient lifeguard is to pass all the requirements. This incorporates having the option to swim 200 yards and to step water for two minutes. In the wake of passing those, individuals must take the worldwide lifeguard instructional class through Ellis (ILTP).This program sets them up for the stuff to be proficient. This course additionally instructs how to foresee, perceive and oversee sea-going crises. It is a prerequisite that Ellis lifeguards be responsible and capable. All things considered, they are the significant, cutting edge segments of water wellbeing at a sea-going office. Being readied, wonderful, watchful, proficient, and consistently in legitimate uniform think about the expert picture of a lifeguard. At the point when a lifeguard looks and acts proficient the office will think about their activities, and the visitor will react to their solicitation more efficiently.Lifeguards ought to like wise talk with power to safeguard rule implementation. The second step in how to be an Ellis and Associates lifeguard is to get familiar with the assortment of salvages. Every lifeguard is appointed a particular zone of insurance. This is normally alluded to as their station or position they are answerable for. Inside the zone of assurance, every Ellis lifeguard is required to keep a careful 10/20 security standard. This implies they have 10 seconds to recognize a visitor in trouble, and 20 seconds to arrive at the visitor to oversee aid.There are a few unique approaches to check a zone of insurance, and everyone’s strategy will be extraordinary. Rehearsing these methods will guarantee cautiousness, and help the gatekeeper remain centered. During a crisis, lifeguards must have the option to try to avoid panicking, talk uproarious and clear to have the option to control an encompassing group. All Ellis lifeguards will likewise must be CPR guaranteed through Ellis. The lifeguar ds preform CPR until EMS appears at dominate. The third step in how to be an Ellis and Associates lifeguard is to know every offices crisis activity plan (EAP).Every sea-going office has an EAP and ought to be drilled day by day. It is significant for all representatives to know their job in the condition of a crisis. Correspondence turns out to be extremely vital when an EAP has been actuated. Most lifeguards utilize their whistles to impart in this procedure. For instance, the waterpark I was at utilized two long whistle impacts to actuate a crisis. Be that as it may, EMS isn't continually going to be required a minuscule scratch or slight burn from the sun. That implies all lifeguards likewise need to realize how to render medical aid. Before the finish of the course, a few people learn they are not equipped to deal with this sort of job.Therefore, after they have finished the 24 hour course and have breezed through the composed test in any event by 80 percent, at that point they will be confirmed lifeguards. After they complete this, they presently need to go to week by week in-administrations to keep their abilities sharp. All in all, these are brief methods on the most proficient method to be an Ellis and Associates proficient lifeguard. Being a lifeguard is more diligently than what a few people may think. Toward the finish of every day, lifeguards must have the option to organize their activities so as to spare lives when required. They may not be specialists or medical caretakers; in any case, they are life preservers.

Strategic Financial Valuation of Carlsberg free essay sample

Key and budgetary valuation has been an enormous piece of what the creator has concentrated on during his examinations and subsequently the creator thinks that its intriguing to join a considerable lot of the hypotheses concentrated during his investigations by and by. The motivation behind why Carlsberg has been picked as a case is that the creator finds the business that Carlsberg works in, I. e. the preparing business, intriguing. The blending business has experienced a significant combination stage during the most recent 10 years where the five biggest distilleries have expanded their piece of the overall industry from 26. % to 47. 6% in 20101. Carlsberg was not a piece of the main five bottling works in 2000 however was the fourth biggest distillery on the planet in 2010, with a piece of the overall industry of 5. 5%2. This they have accomplished by a progression of acquisitions, most outstandingly by obtaining portions of Scottish Newcastle and the securing of Baltic Beverage H oldings in 2008. Carlsberg is a powerful organization that works in more than 150 countries3. We will compose a custom paper test on Key Financial Valuation of Carlsberg or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It is enrolled on the OMX Nordic, Copenhagen Stock Exchange, and is perhaps the biggest organization in the OMX C20 index4. As an open organization Carlsberg is obliged to distribute all data that may impact their offer value which makes it a perfect contender for a careful valuation. Also, accordingly the creator might want to dive further into the information and hypothesis behind a key and money related valuation. 1. 1. Issue detailing Carlsberg? s share cost has experienced genuine vacillations over the most recent 3 years. From cresting in late 2007 at around 621. 559 to dropping to a low of 151 in March 2009 to consistently rise again to 575 in March 20115. 1 2 Euromonitor (2011, p. 12) Euromonitor (2011, p. 11) 3 Annual Report (2009, p. 1) 4 Bloomberg Professional, 2011 5 Bloomberg Professional, 2011 5 Strategic and Financial Valuation of Carlsberg A/S This is a decay of over 75% followed by an expansion of over 380%. Not just has Carlsberg beaten the OMXC20 record, where it weighs around 7. 58%6 of the absolute file, yet it has additionally beaten the MSCI index7 by over 200% since 2009. Examiners firmly differ with respect to why Carlsberg has figured out how to exceed the Indexes such a great amount over the most recent 5 years. One can accept that the sharp decrease in 2008/9 was generally brought about by the worldwide downturn where product costs rose intensely and financial specialists were worried about the possibility that that the obligation brought about by the obtaining of Scottish Newcastle and Baltic Beverages Holding would overload them. In any case, as 2009 and 2010 passed item costs rose heavily8, which hit Carlsberg on the reality, Carlsberg figured out how to exceed the Indexes to such incredible degree. 6 7 www. nasdaqomxnordic. com The MSCI World Index is a securities exchange record of more than 6,000 stocks in created markets. 8 Graph in area 3. . 2. 4 6 Strategic and Financial Valuation of Carlsberg A/S Why is that? This is one reason why the creator thinks that its fascinating to do a vital and money related valuation of the firm. What are the primary worth drivers that cause the company’s share cost to continually rise? As indicated by Efficient Market Theory9 (EMT) all data is installed into current costs and changes in costs are irregular, and will in this way not follow any examples or patterns. On the off chance that this hypothesis holds, at that point there must be some critical worth drivers driving the organization? s share cost up. Or on the other hand might it be able to be that the conduct business analysts are correct when they contend that business sectors are not splendidly productive as EMT proposes? Human blunders and ineptitudes in deciphering market data depreciate the EMT as studies have demonstrated that paying little heed to the accessible data markets are not totally successful in light of the fact that financial specialists ordinarily don't carry on reasonably to given data. This reveals to us that costs vary more because of these human predispositions than if the market was totally effective. Given this data, the creator needs to give a valiant effort in evaluating Carlsberg? honest assessment by investigating every single central point that influence the organization with no subjective or any useful predisposition being incorporated. On the off chance that my own valuation varies a great deal from the market value, at that point some inclination has happened. There will tragically consistently b e some abstract suspicions while doing an essential investigation so if my own valuation contrasts a great deal from the market value one may address whether the valuation has added to an increasingly powerful market or has been a casualty of the conduct financial aspects.

Minimalist Rulebook 16 Rules for Living with Less

Minimalist Rulebook 16 Rules for Living with Less When it comes to letting go, I wish I could hand you a list of the 100 items you’re supposed to own to be a minimalist. But minimalism doesn’t work like that. What brings value to my life could very well get in the way of yours. Further, the things that once added value may not continue to add value, so we must constantly question not only the things we acquire but the things we hold on to. Because minimalism is not an antidote to desire, and because, like most people, Ryan and I still act on impulse, we’ve created sixteen rules and tactics we use to help stave off the tug of consumerism and get organizedâ€"including the No Junk Rule, the Seasonality Rule, and fourteen othersâ€"all of which are compiled in our new ebook, Minimalist Rulebook: 16 Rules for Living with Less, which you can download for free below. How about you? Do you have any minimalism tips or rules you live by? Text me at 937-202-4654 and let me know (yes, that’s really my phone number). Free Ebook Minimalist RulebookSixteen rules for living with less. From our Photo-Scanning Rule to our Minimalist Gift-Giving Rule, this free ebook will help you simplify your life one rule at a time. Email* This iframe contains the logic required to handle Ajax powered Gravity Forms. jQuery(document).ready(function($){gformInitSpinner( 9, 'https://www.theminimalists.com/wp-content/themes/the-mins/images/spinner.gif' );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_9').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_9');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_9').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_9').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_9').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_9').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gform_wrapper_9').offset().top - mt); }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_9').val();gformInitSpinner( 9, 'https://www.theminimalists.com/wp-content/themes/the-mins/images/spinner.gif' );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [9, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_9'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}setTimeout(function(){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_9').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).scrollTop(jQuery('#gf_9').offset().top - mt);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [9]);window['gf_submitting_9'] = false;}, 50);}else{jQuery('#gform_9').append(contents);if(window['gformRe direct']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger('gform_post_render', [9, current_page]);} );} ); jQuery(document).bind('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 9) {if(typeof Placeholders != 'undefined'){ Placeholders.enable(); }} } );jQuery(document).bind('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){} ); jQuery(document).ready(function(){jQuery(document).trigger('gform_post_render', [9, 1]) } ); Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Benefits And Drawbacks Of American Capitalism - 996 Words

In this social constructed economic system there are benefits and drawbacks to American Capitalism. Capitalism is the idea of a free market based economy wherein that economy is organized by individual people and companies rather than the government. This type of economy, in essence, promotes cheaper goods bought and sold, less waste, economic growth, innovation, and overall fairness. However, the American dream is not all it takes in order to pave a path to economic success in our society. In fact, some would argue that American capitalism is the very foundation to social and economic collapse within a class based system. Capitalism has a way of taking advantage of the most vulnerable members of society by promoting corporate monopolies, a blind eye to social benefits, inherited wealth, as well as social divisions and unrest based on inequality. In an age and country where technology has given us so much abundance, there is still so much suffrage within our communities. Capitalism is best known for encouraging innovation and the advancement of bigger and better technology. A sense of competition is continuously promoted and encouraged by the free market in order to produce an out with the old in with the new and affordable mentality. In this economy time is money and waste is eliminated with market demands. In theory, everyone seems to benefit from a motivational stand point. If you work hard, if you want it bad enough, you will be able to afford a higher standard ofShow MoreRelatedNeoclassical Economics Vs. Keynesian Economics1583 Words   |  7 PagesThe post -Second World War growth period, which is called Golden Age of Capitalism, has a great influence in human economic history. During the period of time, a great many of the capitalist countries have dramatically increased their economy and prosperity, such as United State which has a substantially economic expansion at an average rate of 3.5% annually between 1945 and 1970. Economic growth may be resulted by deregulation of market, rise of automotive manufacture and industrialization whichRead MoreThe Reasons For Anti Globalization Protests1263 Words   |  6 PagesMarx’s critique of the problems of capitalism in 19th century Europe. In the following essay, the reasons for anti-globalization protests will be examined and the comparison between capitalism in 19th century and now. Problems depicted by the Anti-globalization protestors Although there are many benefits brought by globalization, drawbacks are involved. Anti-globalization protesters such as Greenpeace and Anti-WTO focus on the problems created by global capitalism like uneven wealth distribution andRead MoreThe Classical Model Of Economics1431 Words   |  6 Pagesconserving the resource. Then, the suppliers want to find more of the source as to get a better profit. The reasons behind their actions are selfish, yet they benefit all of society. Smith identified that the pursuit of profit and the power of self-interest would increase motivation and result in more advances in technology. His model of capitalism was on the basis of freedom and selfishness as a motivator for society. It was also on the basis that the economy would go through recessions and expansionsRead MorePenitentiary Ideal and the American Prisons1292 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Penitentiary Ideal and the American Prisons: Prisons have developed to become famous institutions in the modern society to an extent that its difficult to remember that these institutions have a history of slightly over two centuries. Prisons emerged in Europe first before the United States as a product of the dual transformation that established the basis for contemporary capitalism. The institutions are famous because they are an integral part of the criminal justice system that house condemnedRead MoreEssay on The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy1287 Words   |  6 Pagesbacking to guerrilla and resistance movements during the Regan years. Additionally, explain the political doctrine detailed events that occurred in Afghanistan when the Soviet Union invaded. As a final point, this assignment will define the benefits and drawbacks established on the Regan Doctrine. Summarize the Situation of U.S. Diplomatic of the Regan Doctrine During the course of the initial years of the Cold War, Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Jimmy Carter all endorsed dogmas againstRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1489 Words   |  6 Pagesglobal free trade, the shift to capitalism with an individualist mentality, and a technological revolution that transformed our social spaces and boundaries, a â€Å"farther, faster, cheaper, deeper† (Antonio, p. 70) mindset now guided decisions about the environment, culture, economy, political system, and most importantly, the well-being of global citizens. America currently maintains the hegemony and the alliances initially created to suppress war and promote American national security put them in aRead MoreGovernment Over Regulation Of The United States1744 Words   |  7 Pagesorder to achieve equality in the eyes of the law, but with this the necessary regulatory compliance of all citizens must be provided. If all American citizens do agree to abide by the r ules implemented by the United States, the freedom that they came here for would be nonexistent, and they would no longer have the ability to truly live the infamous ‘American dream’. The economy is also beginning to move away from the capitalist ways and move toward an ideology of equality among the wealth and incomesRead MoreWhat Makes A Nation Wealthy? Essay1668 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals in the society. In his book, Smith explained the Theory of the Invisible Hand. He stated that prosperity comes from the freedom of producing any goods individuals choose. He focused on enriching trade between countries and viewed trade as a benefit to both parties involved. His view of a perfect society involved minimum government intervention; government would be responsible for national defense, education, legal rights and crime. It will only step in to enforce laws and to protect customersRead MoreAmerican Government Study Guide.1562 Words   |  7 Pages= The primary reason that the existence of Social Security greatly lessens the demand for other forms of social welfare is that the incentive of Social Security benefits upon retirement encourages individuals to work during their productive years, which reduces the need for other forms of social welfare, such as unemployment benefits In 2002, President George W. Bush labeled Iraq, Iran, and North Korea an axis of evil. The stages of the public policy process normally develop in a particular orderRead MoreKey Management Issues : Standard Oil, A Monopolistic Company Of Massive Size1344 Words   |  6 Pagesfall of 1871, supposedly to negotiate â€Å"secret† discounts on published railroad tariffs and place independent refiners at a transport cost disadvantage.† (Reksulak, Shughart 2011) The key issues to be researched and solved are: †¢ Does competition benefit a company and its competitors by making them compete for sales? †¢ How can a company stay profitable when regulations are in place that limit its ability to produce income? †¢ Is there a change in business practice needed to modify the corporate environment

5 Things You Should Do Before Starting Your Online Course

A Review of Writing Dissertation

A Review of Writing Dissertation Do not depart from your bibliography to the previous minute as it should form an essential part of your dissertation, evolve coherently as your research does. A dissertation is intended to integrate skills and knowledge acquired over the full course. Your dissertation may also contain different chapters if needed. Every dissertation is a bit different. If you have to compose an outline for a dissertation, you're going to start from the Introduction. Knowledge, however, is only one prerequisite. At our essay support, essays are always delivered in a brief moment. Students often wrongfully assume they need to go through each and every supply of information about the topic they intend to approach. Participation in Dissertation After Dark is not essential to join the retreat, but it's an amazing means to keep your productivity throughout the busy academic calendar year! Dissertations take some time, and you'll want to take breaks and recharge sooner or later. Whenever your schedule is actually tight, you're able to better prioritize tasks and prevent procrastination. Custom writing help may at times be everything that you demand. Attempt to realistically rate the significance of the work you do. Maybe all you actually need is adistraction-free writing space to have the task done. Nevertheless, you're still required to devis e a more comprehensive plan for the whole paper. Let's say you have to purchase essay for college. Talking through your revised dissertation program or structure by means of your supervisor can keep you centered on the research, and determine if it's logical. Each time you discover that it's tough to compose another essay or cope with the homework, we're here to assist. It is crucial to clarify all questions until they turn into problems. The initial section ought to comprise information regarding the context of your topic, together with an assertion of the issue. The dissertation topic and question ought to be sufficiently focused that you're able to collect all the essential data within a comparatively brief time-frame, usually about six weeks for undergraduate programmes. Proofreading own work is challenging to the majority of people so that you may get support from a trustworthy friend, but the very best method is to receive an expert editor to proofread your dissertation . Or you are able to take advantage of expert dissertation editing services and see the business accomplished in a day or two. You are able to visit such a form of dissertation writing services to understand more. If at all possible, look for a friend or fellow-student in the exact same position with whom it's possible to swap dissertations for proof-reading. Adhering to the tips about feedback above, learn what type of writing your committee expects. In the very first instance, consult with a friend, relative or colleague who's proficient in your field of study. Discuss with your supervisor about how you want to cooperate. Your advisor and committee might be inclined to supply early feedback. The Good, the Bad and Writing Dissertation Most students make a typical mistake when deciding on an excellent company from the list of available sites. You're surely not meant to fail in your academic studies, and that's why MeowEssay professional writing service is the most suitable option for you. You may order any kind of academic paper despite the grade, level, complexity or deadline. In reality, you've a great deal more than only a fine academic paper! The Do's and Don'ts of Writing Dissertation At times, even when you appreciate the differences between the dissertation and previous work and know that you truly wish to finish the degree , you might still have trouble. The sphere of research has to be defined comprehensively. Talk about the factors for which you recommend a particular research and the way that it should be run. The dissertation research stage is likely to figure out the total maturation of your undertaking. What You Need to Know About Writing Dissertation Perhaps more than other sorts of writing, dissertation writing demands an explicit comprehension of the subject matter, much of which can be very detailed or methodologically complicated. Always keep in mind that the introduction shouldn't be too long as it's predicted to bore the readers. If you believe you need more general info on the focus of your literature review, it may be useful to read the post describing the 3 different forms of literature review. Start with telling your readers what the chapter is all about and why they need to read it.

Economics for Business Monopolistic Competition

Question: Discuss about the Economics for Business of Monopolistic Competition. Answer: 1. The main motive of a firm is to maximise the profit. The product differentiation is a procedure of the firm to ensure its customer that its product has slightly different characteristics than its close substitutes. The product differentiation helps to achieve greater economic profit to the firm. Economic profit is the difference between the revenue of a firm and economic or opportunity cost of inputs used in the production process. There is product differentiation because some firms cannot imitate the product of the rival firm. This is due to several laws are there regarding copyrights, trademarks and patents. In a perfect competition market, there may be a super-normal profit in the short run. However, in the long run, there is only a normal profit. Similarly, almost the same things happen in the case of the monopolistic competitive market. However, perfect competition market deals with homogeneous product and monopolistic competition mainly deal with the differentiated product. In the case of a market for the differentiated product, a price is greater than marginal cost (Novshek, 2014). Therefore, the output of the monopolistically competitive market is not socially optimal or Pareto efficient. However, in the monopolistic competition, the consumer gains more satisfaction and welfare for consuming differentiated product than consuming a homogenous product. However, there is a positive externality for the consumer by increasing the type of variety of the product, and a negative externality to the firms by reducing their profit. To increase the welfare of the people, government intervention plays a crucial role to increase the efficiency in production and distribution of output. However, it is evident that product differentiation causes higher profit to the firms making a once-off expenditure in it (Brander, Spencer, 2015). Analysing the behaviour of the product differentiating and profit-maximizing firm, here is a consideration of monopolistically competitive market. Monopolistically competitive firm sells the differentiated product. The firm faces a negatively sloping or downward sloping demand curve. The consumer has a love of variety and ideal variety for a product. As a monopolistically competitive firm increases its price than its rival firm producing a close substitute, it may not lose its all the consumer. Some of its consumers attach high value for that firms product. Every product of the monopolistically competitive firm has it distinct features (Grigolon Verboven, 2014). If the rival or competitive firm increases their price then there is an increase in the demand for the product of the given firm. If the firms are selling almost the same product, then there is an increase in the elasticity of demand. Monopolistically competitive firm is different from the oligopolistic firm. Because in the monopolistic competitive firm does not consider the price or quantity strategy of the rival firm. In real life, there is a large number of businesses in a single industry. Therefore, the effect of price change or change in demand of the rival firm has a relatively small effect (Varian, 2014). The product- differentiated firm is choosing a profit maximising output. Profit maximisation occurs where marginal cost is exactly equal to its marginal revenue. This condition is same as the monopolist. In the monopolistic ally competitive market, the condition of free entry and exist drives the super normal profit to zero and in the long run the demand curve tangent to the average cost curve for every firm. In the following diagram, there is a discussion of it (Becchetti et al. 2014). Figure 1: equilibrium in monopolistic market (Source: created by author) In this diagram (1), the demand or the average revenue curve and marginal revenue curve is downward slopping. Average revenue curve is a U-shaped curve. Marginal cost is upward rising and intersects the average cost curve at the minimum point (Grigolon, Verboven, 2014). In this diagram, dead weight loss in the gray-shaded portion. P* is the socially optimal price charge in the competitive market, and socially optimal quantity is Q*. However, the charged price of the monopolistically competitive firm is P and the Q is the quantity. If the price is equal to the marginal cost, then it may be a loss- making firm. If the government wants to increase the output to attain a socially optimal level, then it should provide subsidy to the firm. Consumer gains satisfaction for having a different variety of goods. If there is a reduction in some available goods in the market, this may cause a reduction in the consumer welfare. This reduction in consumer surplus is the deep shaded grey triangle. In a monopolistically competitive firm generates a consumer surplus by introducing new product. In case of monopolistically competitive firm, the demand curve and the marginal revenue curve is downward slopping, profit maximising condition holds where that marginal cost i s equal to marginal revenue. However, the demand curve is lying above the marginal revenue curve. Therefore, the price is greater than the marginal revenue. In this market, every firm has some good numbers of consumers of its product. Therefore, the demand curve is less elastic. This ensures relatively higher profit for the monopolistically competitive firm than the competitive firm. Therefore, if a firm interested in producing the differentiated product then it definitely ensures higher economic profit in the future. Higher opportunity cost results in diversion of inputs from the production. The product-differentiating firm has different cost structure than its rival firm. Including an ideal variety of features in the product consistent of the consumer needs may ensure a higher profit to the firm. Therefore, once-off expenditure for a differentiating product is very important in the case of achieving the higher profits in the future (Woo et al.2014). In conclusion, it is evident that a monopolistically competitive firm always tries to attain higher profit. By varying its product and adding new features to its product, monopolistically competitive firm ensures greater profit. Therefore, product differentiation is very important factor in the monopolistically competitive. If a firm adds different characteristics to a product, it ensures an ideal match of its product to its customer. Attaching higher value to the product by the consumer makes the demand curve of the monopolistically competitive firm less elastic. This inelastic demand results in higher price and higher profit for the monopolistically competitive. Therefore, the firm has to initiate a product differentiation to ensure a higher profit in the future (Zhelobodko et al. 2012). 2: There are various rates of wages prevailing in the economy. There are different wage rate in different sectors. Wage rates vary from country to country, industry to industry and sectors to sectors. This variation is in between and within the occupation and industry. Economists face difficulty in explaining the variation of these wage rates differential within and across the occupation and industry. There are various factors causing the variation in the wage rate in across and within the occupation, industry. These are the age and working capacity of the labor, qualification of education, working experience of the labor, health hazards and risk involve in work, possibilities of promotion, the prevailing or on-going wage rate of the society, employment stability, job security and stability in the employment, the product demand and earning surplus and profit by the business organization. Moreover, it is very difficult to measure the endowed capability in the human being. If the employer can trace the potential of the labour or employee, then the employer takes a decision to increase the wage of the labour. The employer can apply various screening method to know the potentiality of the labour. However, this potentiality of labour is difficult to measure (Blau, 2016). However, there is problem or difficulty in evaluating the possible reasons behind the wage rate differentiations in across and within the industry and occupations. In the next section of discussion, there is an analysis of reasons behind the difficulties in explaining the wage differentials in the economy (Dix-Carneiro, Kovak, 2015). In the economy, labour is one of the most important inputs of production. Any production activities need sufficient amount of labours to produce output efficiently. There is a different rate of wage in various sectors and industry. The wage rate is a function of unions of labour, expectation about the future rate of wage, living cost, various rules and regulation of government, ability to pay of the employer, labour demand and supply and most importantly productivity of the labour. Therefore, the reason behind the variations of the wage rate may cause due to the variation or differentiation in the above mention factors. However, different countries have different quality of labour. Age structure differs across the different countries. Some countries have a greater number of young labours than the others (Romano Meneses, 2016).. Therefore, their working capacities are relatively higher than the old labourers. In some industries, there are productions of same goods using either labor- intensive technique or capital-intensive technique. Capital abundant economy uses capital-intensive technique and relatively low numbers of labour. There is a need for skilled labour to operate the physical and financial capita efficiently. Those economies have higher number of labour and applying labour intensive technique faces a problem of low wage. However, this is not always true. Sometimes, there is a problem in evaluating the quality of labour. There is a judgment of the quality of labour regarding productive efficiency (Guvenen, Kuruscu Ozkan, 2013). The increase in the productive efficiency is due to either for the skill of the labour or the experience of the labour. Similarly, some industries prefer educated and qualified labour; however, some prefer the experienced labour. There are differences in the wage rate due to the different perspective of the employer of the organisation. There are different preferences of the employer to employ a labor. Different industries have different cost structures to produce a product. It completely depends on the employer of the organisation to determine the factors of different wage rate. There is no individual rule for different industry or occupation to follow for setting the wage structure. Therefore, there exists wide variation of wage rate across the occupation and industry (Katz Krueger, 2012). To determine the factors causing wage variation within the industry or occupation depends on the outlook of an employer. The value attachment to the employee by the employer may be the reason of differentiating wage within the industry or organisation. However, there is a difficulty in judging the employer outlook to the different employee. If the cause of wage differentiation is due to several variables as per the discussion, still there are some cases where variation in wage is not for any of the above-mentioned reason. This creates a problem. Even economists cannot give any convincing reasons for the wage differentiations in within and across the industry. There is no given rule for the variation of the wage differentials. There are various rules set by the government; these rules regarding the wage rate differs from country to country. However, government changes its rule time to time according to the needs of the labor and for various other reasons. Therefore, to explain the eff ect of the different rules and regulation of the on the variation in the rate of wage is very difficult (Lindley Machin, 2013). Even quality of labour is quantifiable. Therefore, an increase in productivity cannot be the only indicators of judging the quality of labour. Providing proper skill and guidance can increase the quality of labour at any time; therefore, it is very difficult to say wage variation occurs due to the increase in the quality of labour. Some jobs have risk association in it. This risk may cause to health hazards. However, measuring the amount of risk associated with that job is sometime difficult to measure. Therefore, a serious problem or difficulty arises in explaining the variation in the wage differentials across and within the occupations and industry (Manacorda, Manning Wadsworth, 2012). In stating a conclusion, it is clear from the above analysis that there is no such explanation is there for the variation of wage rates across and within the occupation and industry. There are some reasons behind the wage differentials of the labour. 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